QUESTION 21 Illustration 21–Volume discount incentive HT Limited enters into a contract with a customer on 1 April 2018 to sell Product X for $ 1,000 per unit. If the customer purchases more than 100 units of Product A in a financial year, the contract specifies that the price per unit is retrospectively reduced to $ 900 per unit. Consequently, the consideration in the contract is variable. For the first quarter ended 30 June 2018, the entity sells 10 units of Product A to the customer. The entity estimates that the customer's purchases will not exceed the 100-unit threshold required for the volume discount in the financial year. HT Limited determines that it has significant experience with this product and with the purchasing pattern of the customer. Thus, HT Limited concludes that it is highly probable that a significant reversal in the cumulative amount of revenue recognized (i.e. $ 1,000 per unit) will not occur when the uncertainty is resolved (i.e. when the total amount of purchases is known). Further, in May 2018, the customer acquires another company and in the second quarter ended 30 September 2018, the entity sells an additional 50 units of Product A to the customer. In the light of the new fact, the entity estimates that the customer's purchases will exceed the 100 unit threshold for the financial year and therefore it will be required to retrospectively reduce the price per unit to $ 900. Determine the amount of revenue to be recognize by HT Limited for the quarter ended 30 June 2018 and 30 September 2018.

Solution

Let's calculate the revenue for both quarters:

Quarter ended 30 June 2018:

In this quarter, HT Limited sold 10 units of Product A. The company estimates that the customer's purchases will not exceed the 100-unit threshold required for the volume discount in the financial year, and it is highly probable that a significant reversal in the cumulative amount of revenue recognized will not occur. Therefore, HT Limited recognizes the revenue at $1,000 per unit.Quarter ended 30 September 2018:

In this quarter, HT Limited sold an additional 50 units of Product A. Considering the change in circumstances, the company now estimates that the customer's purchases will exceed the 100-unit threshold for the financial year, and it will be required to retrospectively reduce the price per unit to $900. As a result, the revenue recognized should also be adjusted retrospectively for the previous sales.

The total units sold up to this quarter is 60 units (10 from Q1 and 50 from Q2). The revenue should be recognized at $900 per unit.

So, the revenue for the quarter ended 30 September 2018 will be the difference between the total revenue recognized until now ($54,000) and the revenue already recognized in the quarter ended 30 June 2018 ($10,000).

Quarter Ended 30 September 2018 Revenue = Total Revenue until Q2 - Revenue recognized in Q1 = $54,000 - $10,000 = $44,000.

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