How does IFRS 15 treat the costs of obtaining and fulfilling a contract?
According to IFRS 15, the costs associated with obtaining and fulfilling a contract are treated as follows:
- Costs of Obtaining a Contract: An entity should recognize an asset for the incremental costs of obtaining a contract with a customer if the entity expects to recover those costs. The incremental costs of obtaining a contract are those costs that an entity incurs to obtain a contract with a customer that it would not have incurred if the contract had not been obtained. An example would be a sales commission. If the costs of obtaining a contract are expected to be recovered in a year or less, the entity may choose to expense them as incurred.
- Costs to Fulfill a Contract: If the costs incurred in fulfilling a contract are not within the scope of another standard (such as IAS 2 Inventories or IAS 16 Property, Plant and Equipment), an entity should recognize an asset from the costs incurred to fulfill a contract only if these costs meet all of the following criteria:
- They are directly related to a contract or a specific anticipated contract.
- They generate or enhance resources of the entity that will be used in satisfying performance obligations in the future.
- They are expected to be recovered.
In general, costs that are recognized as assets related to a contract should be amortized on a systematic basis consistent with the transfer of goods or services to which the asset relates. The entity should also assess the assets for impairment. If the carrying amount exceeds the amount of consideration that the entity expects to receive less the remaining costs that relate directly to providing goods or services, an entity should recognize an impairment loss.